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Mathematical Analysis โ€“ Theory and Solved Exercises

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By Pimath, 18 April, 2026

1. Set Theory and Fundamental Structures

1.1 Sets and Operations

TopicTheorySolved Exercises
Definition of a set and elementary operationsโ€”โ€”
Subsets and inclusion relationโ€”โ€”
Set operations (Union, Intersection, Difference, Complement)Theoryโ€”
Cartesian productโ€”โ€”
Countable and uncountable setsโ€”โ€”
Partitions of a setโ€”โ€”

1.2 Relations and Functions

TopicTheorySolved Exercises
Binary relations and properties (reflexive, symmetric, transitive)โ€”โ€”
Equivalence relations and equivalence classesโ€”โ€”
Functions: definitions and fundamental propertiesTheoryโ€”
Injective, surjective and bijective functionsโ€”โ€”
Composition of functions and inverse functionโ€”โ€”
Odd and even functionsTheoryโ€”

1.3 Number Systems

TopicTheorySolved Exercises
Natural numbers and the principle of inductionโ€”โ€”
Integer and rational numbersTheoryโ€”
Real numbers, completeness and the completeness axiomโ€”โ€”
Intervals and neighbourhoodsโ€”โ€”

2. Limits and Sequences

2.1 Numerical Sequences

TopicTheorySolved Exercises
Definition and types of sequencesTheoryโ€”
Arithmetic and geometric sequencesโ€”โ€”
Monotonic sequences and their limitTheoryโ€”
Limit theory for sequencesTheoryโ€”
Limit operations for sequencesTheoryโ€”
Sign preservation theorem (sequences)Theoryโ€”
Squeeze theoremโ€”โ€”
Stolz-Cesร ro theoremTheoryโ€”

2.2 Numerical Series

TopicTheorySolved Exercises
Definition of series, geometric and harmonic seriesโ€”โ€”
Convergence of a seriesโ€”โ€”
Convergence tests (comparison, ratio, root)โ€”โ€”
Telescoping and alternating seriesโ€”โ€”

3. Continuous Functions and Limits

3.1 Limits of Functions

TopicTheorySolved Exercises
Definition of limit, left-hand and right-hand limitsโ€”โ€”
Properties of limitsโ€”โ€”
Sign preservation theorem (functions)Theoryโ€”
Notable limits and indeterminate formsโ€”โ€”

3.2 Continuity

TopicTheorySolved Exercises
Continuity at a point and propertiesโ€”โ€”
Bolzano's theorem and intermediate value theoremโ€”โ€”
Weierstrass theoremTheoryโ€”

4. Differential Calculus

4.1 Derivatives

TopicTheorySolved Exercises
Definition of derivative and geometric interpretationโ€”โ€”
Derivative of sin(x) and cos(x)Theoryโ€”
Derivative of tan(x) and cot(x)Theoryโ€”
Derivative of the power functionTheoryโ€”
Derivative of the exponential functionTheoryโ€”
Derivative of the natural logarithmTheoryโ€”
Derivative of the logarithmTheoryโ€”
Table of fundamental derivativesTheoryโ€”
Differentiation rules (sum, product, chain, inverse)Theoryโ€”
Higher-order derivativesโ€”โ€”

4.2 Theorems of Differential Calculus

TopicTheorySolved Exercises
Rolle's theoremTheoryโ€”
Lagrange's theorem (Mean Value Theorem)Theoryโ€”
Cauchy's theoremTheoryโ€”
Bernoulli's inequalityTheoryโ€”
L'Hรดpital's theoremโ€” (to be published)โ€”

5. Function Analysis

TopicTheorySolved Exercises
Domain of a functionโ€”โ€”
Symmetries (odd and even functions)โ€”โ€”
Intercepts and signโ€”โ€”
Limits and asymptotes (vertical, horizontal, oblique)โ€”โ€”
First derivative: monotonicity, maxima and minimaโ€”โ€”
Second derivative: concavity and inflection pointsโ€”โ€”
Complete function analysisโ€”โ€”

6. Integral Calculus

TopicTheorySolved Exercises
Definition (Riemann sums)โ€”โ€”
Fundamental theorem of calculusโ€”โ€”
Antiderivatives of elementary functionsโ€”โ€”
Integration methodsโ€”โ€”

7. Power Series and Series Expansions

TopicTheorySolved Exercises
Taylor's formulaโ€”โ€”
Maclaurin series expansionโ€”โ€”

8. Differential Equations

TopicTheorySolved Exercises
First-order differential equationsโ€”โ€”
Second-order differential equationsโ€”โ€”

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